Vehicle Local Coordinate Axes

VNC Frame | VVLH Frame | LVLH Frame

Definitions for the VNC, VVLH and LVLH coordinate frames are given in the following sections:

VNC Frame

In the VNC (Velocity - Normal - Co-normal) coordinate frame:

  • the X axis is along the velocity vector
  • the Y axis is along the orbit normal ()
  • the Z axis completes the orthogonal triad ()

VVLH Frame

In the VVLH (Vehicle Velocity, Local Horizontal) coordinate frame:

  • the Z axis is along the negative position vector (nadir)
  • the Y axis is along the negative orbit normal ()
  • the X axis is toward velocity ()

The following figure illustrates VVLH axes:

LVLH Frame

In the LVLH (Local Vertical, Local Horizontal) coordinate frame:

  • the X axis is along the position vector (position)
  • the Z axis is along the orbit normal (orbit normal)
  • the Y axis is toward velocity ()

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